Today, we covered Chinese religious beliefs. The day’s reading was dismally shallow for me, and I believe I would have devoured a veritable treatise on the topic. I had to be content with a page-and-a-half article pulled from a magazine, whose author and the corresponding magazine were given no credit in the textbook. The lack of intellectual property rights in this country is sometimes rather chilling. I appreciate the rights of the States, even thought they may be prone to excess and inefficiency on occasion.
On the topic religion, the Chinese are quite non-religious. I take this lack of faith to be a vestige of the mid-century revolution and incentives by the CCP. You can’t get in the club until you renounce any faith of your own, save that of Communist Doctrine. However, ancient Chinese religion still persists in a rather diluted form today. The main facet of Chinese religion is, as we all know, ancestor worship. However, the mechanisms therein I did not appreciate until this class. Followers of traditional Chinese religion recognize three forms of existence – gods, man, and ghosts. Lesser gods are the spirits of great men of the past (the Chinese are sometimes nauseatingly nostalgic), while ghosts are the souls of “average” men, having passed from this life. These ghosts act as judges of life on earth, “rewarding good and punishing evil.” The Chinese also recognize a Great Creator an ultimate God, whose form is unknown and unknowable. Through the worship of their ancestors, the Chinese hope to pay tribute to this God, as their ancestors are naturally closer in relation to this God than living mortals.
I have been inspired by The Last Days of Old Beijing, and I decided to follow in the footsteps of Michael Meyer and check out some hutongs on my own. After one-on-one class, I rode my bike southeast through the city and across Second Ring Road in search of a hutong mentioned in the book. To be truthful, I don’t know if I found the hutong from the book, but I was certainly pleased with my find. I found a hutong near the Ping’An Li subway station and the Lu Xun memorial museum. This hutong looked newer than some of the ones that I’ve seen, and in fact, it was quite new, comparatively. The hutong was built in the 1980s, and unlike the residents of the hutong in the book, who spent their days wondering when the government was going to come through their neighborhood next and paint the feared character 拆 (demolish) on their door, the people living in this Hutong were proud of their neighborhood.
I met two ladies on the walk into the Hutong as they came back from a nearby market, and I asked them if they were afraid of the government demolishing their homes. “Demolish? Nobody’s going to come over to my house and demolish my house! This Hutong is protected by the government!” They were a far cry from what I expected in a Hutong resident, and I would suspect that the protection of this Hutong is the result of the efforts of quite a few people mentioned in the book.
So what is life like in a Hutong? First off, you probably don’t have a bathroom in your house. You have to walk down the street to get to the toilet. The same goes with your shower. You have to walk to yet another house to get to your shower, which you probably share with 50-100 of your neighbors. You might have a gas running to a burner in your kitchen, and that will probably be the only cooking appliance that you own. You have neither heating nor cooling, and in the winter you heat you house by burning coal honeycombs in your bedroom. Quite a few people die of asphyxiation every winter due to poor ventilation in their Hutong. With all of these things aside, life in the Hutongs is not without its benefits. For one, rent is dirt-cheap. One might pay $200 a year to live in a Hutong, but rates are steadily going up. Hutongs are also a great escape from the hustle and bustle of the city. Most cars can’t even drive down Hutong streets, and crime rates are extremely low. Partly due to living in such close proximity to your neighbors, theft rates are among the lowest in the city, and one seemingly never has worry about anyone snatching your bike from the street. Kids are never out of sight of a watchful neighbor, and there is a tangible sense of community in the Hutongs – a sense of community that seems all but lost in this giant city. All in all, I wouldn’t mind the opportunity to live in a Hutong if I had the chance.
As a strolled through the streets of the Hutong, I saw people chatting and walking their dogs, letting their pigeons loose for a spin, selling vegetables from carts and doorways, and just hanging out. Pigeon-raising is a popular Hutong sport, and many people keep pigeon roosts on their roofs. A ran across an old man who raised all sorts of birds from his house: pigeons, parrots, and wild Chinese birds. One of them would squawk “Ni Hao!” as you walked by.
I eventually walked over to a Markey area in the Hutong, and these sorts of markets are one of my favorite parts about China. Vendors sell anything that you could want, and there are expansive fresh fruit, vegetable, meat, and fish markets. Towards the end of the market street, I came across a group of old men playing Chinese chess. I couldn’t resist.
I had to walk over and see what was going on for myself. Dear reader, if I may elaborate, I can play with the most elementary of Chinese Chess players. I know how the pieces move, and I have a brain with which I can reason out possible moves. Beyond that, I am in over my head. These guys were way over my head, thinking moves ahead, calling out the theories of famous chess players, and smack talking. As I watched in bewilderment, a guy standing around the chessboard struck up a conversation with me. We talked about the game, and after one or two finished, he invited me to try my hand. My opponent, an unassuming geezer of what appeared to be 80 years, schooled me. I enlisted a number of watchers to help me in deciding a good move, and they argued and fought over the best move that I should make. In the end, our team of 4 men defeated the old man, no thanks to me.
After the game, I stood around the board and talked to the man whom I’d met earlier. Mr. Yu is a professor, and has spent time teaching and studying all over China and Japan. He went to school at the military university just up the road from MinZu, and taught there before beginning his Asian travels. Yu has a number of interests – business, chess, Chinese history – but his passion was literature. He told me about a different kind of traditional Chinese saying, one that I’d never heard of before. The sayings involve something similar to what we would term a “pun,” but accompanying this type of saying, there is usually some sort of story. The true nature of these sayings is beyond me, and it was all that I could do to keep up.
Mr. Yu was on his way to visit another market in the neighborhood to buy some rice. Would I like to come? Most assuredly. He chatted on about Chinese literature and life in the Hutong. He could have moved into a big high rise with his salary, living comfortably in one of the many apartments shooting towards the heavens in this city. “I like the atmosphere. It is quiet, and I get the chance to get away from all of the crap that goes on in the city. Here, I have friends, and the life of an old person in a Hutong isn’t bad at all. Markets, chess, safety, community, its all here.”
We strolled through the market, and I bought some doughy sandwich-like snacks filled with spinach. He headed back home, and I finished walking through the rest of this market, which was thankfully inside. I got warm and ate my steaming sandwich-things while I perused vegetables and wares for sale. My favorite was a guy selling tea in a little hut by one of the numerous doors. He was quite the salesman, trying to get me to buy some of his tea. His prices were pretty reasonable, too. I told him that if I were going to get some tea before I left, I would come and find him. I plan to do so.
As I walked out of the Hutong and found my bike, I stumbled across an upscale teashop. I had to look in and compare. The prices were twice to three times what one would pay in the Hutongs, and the whole shop looked entirely too sterile, too dead for my taste. It left me wondering, “Why would anyone choose to visit the upscale shop when a cheaper, more friendly alternative sat not 100 yards away? Why would you choose to pay to maintain a huge shop and not support the local vendors?”
When I finally got back to the dorm, I found out that we were supposed to have speaking time with the teachers, and I completely missed my time. I went by anyway, and one of the teachers took mercy on me. The life in the Hutongs of Beijing is a far cry from the isolated, sterile life that my teachers lead. They didn’t much care for the Hutongs. “Wouldn’t a shopping mall be better? I think that people living in the Hutongs are a little stupid…”
I’ll write soon!
Love,
Jamey